Amblkastri Baichoudhri was an Assamese poet, lyricist, singer, powerful prose writer, news worker, magazine editor, patriotic, social worker, and the leading freedom fighter of India’s freedom struggle. He is known as ‘Assam Kesari'. He was elected president of the Assam Sahitya Sabha in 1950. Raichoudhory was born in 1885 in the famous Raischoudhury family of Barpeta. His father was Krishnaram Raichowdhury and his mother was Devika Devi. After his primary education in Barpeta, he studied in class VIII of high English school in Guwahati. Then he joined the Swadeshi Movement and social development work from 1904-to 05. He joined a few other youth students and formed a British Opposition Anarchist team during this period, As a result, the British government captured Ambikagiri in Barpeta from 1908 to 1915.
Raichoudhury was a poet, playwright, and patriot all rolled in one. He took part in the independence movement for India and was imprisoned by the British for the same. He was the founder of ‘Asom Songrokhini Sobhaa' (Assam Preservation Council) and, ‘Axom Jaatiyo Mohasobhaa’. During his time in Barpeta, Raichoudhury avoided political activities and looked at the social life of Barpeta, and insinuated some social organization and literary-cultural activities. Among them were the formation of funds to facilitate the reading of poor students, the ‘Sankadeva Sarcharkasrs’ organization, encouraging people to talk Assamese folk songs, etc. He also greatly took a great effort to erase the effects of Bengali Yatra Naat from the social life of Barpeta. In 1915, Raichoudhury went to Dibrugarh and works as a typist for the Railway Department, music teacher, etc. as well as the literary editor of the literary magazine, Assam Bandhva with Harekrshna Das. In the days that followed, most of his social and political thinking was published as an editorial in the Chetanaa that he himself had published. In his experience of the punishment suffered in the prison during the non-cooperation movement, he composed songs about the struggle for freedom such as which greatly instilled a lot of support to other fighters. Raichoudhury was jailed again in the 1930 movement. He was appointed 'Detector’ for the organizational work of the Congress at that time. On the political side, he came to be a very patriotic follower of Mahatma Gandhi.
For the protection of the future of Assam and Assamese, Raichoudhury established 'The Assamese Rights and Interests Conservation Meeting, Assam Jatiya Mahasabha, and Asam Shikha Prachar Samiti to protect the dignity of Assamese in view of the encroachment of infiltrators on the farmland of state. Raichoudhury himself took care to show Assamese society the path of self-establishment economically by opening the 'Swadeshi Kinok Sangha’ and establishing a business company called 'Mayabini Chemical Works". He had also published books like 'Deka Dekarir Veda’, ‘Ahuti’ to reveal his doctrine to the people. In 1946-47, during the fear of including Assam to Pakistan, 'Assam Self-Defense Force' created by Assamese Hindu-N4uslim united efforts, protesting against the formation of constituencies, declared a resolution to go on hunger strike.
Raichoudhury published poetry books called ‘Tumi' in 1915 and 'Beena’ in 1916. In 1918, in collaboration with Chandranath Sharma, he came out with a monthly magazine called 'Chetana’ He discussed in the writings of 'Chetna’ the freedom movement, non-cooperation, the place of violence and non-violence in politics, various problems at home and abroad, as well as the national problems of Assam, etc. He wrote a patriotic drama named Bandini Bharat, the script of which was intercepted by British Police in 1906. After which Raichoudhary had been put under police vigilance for about 8 years until 1915. During the 1921 non-cooperation movement, he composed many nationalist songs while in jail. The English translation was revealed back as ‘Songs of the Cell’. Two main voices are heard in Raichoudhury’s poem. One is the sound of visible nationalism and the other is the soft tone of mystery in ‘Tumi’ and in the ‘Beena’. The poem 'Tumi’ begins with beloved physical attractive beauty and finally ends with the global beauty and indomitable beauty of the world. His nationalist poems have a sharp protest against the atrocities and there are great calls to go ahead with the battle of life. The poet wishes for a life in which human beings can develop by putting away all the hypocrisy, and lowness. He was also the editor of ‘Dekaa Asom, also Assamese magazine. Raichoudhury is known as ‘Assam Kesar’ (the Lion of Assam) because of his firebrand nationalist character. He was the President of Assam Sahitya Sabha in 1950. In 1965 he won the Sahitya Akademi Award. The ‘Ambikagiri Raichaudhuri Award’ presented by Asam Sahitya Sabha is named after him. Assam Kesari Ambikaeiri died on 2 January 1957 at the age of 82.