Unsung Heroes | History Corner | Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, Ministry of Culture, Government of India

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Paying tribute to India’s freedom fighters

Abadi Bano Begum

Amritsar, Punjab

January 25, 2023 to January 25, 2024

Abadi Bano Begum (popularly known as Bi Amma) was the first Muslim woman to actively take part in the freedom struggle for independence. She hailed from the Amroha Village, Uttar Pradesh but her center for activities was Amritsar and Lahore. She was born in 1850 and married Abdul Ali Khan of Rampur state. Her husband died at the young age of thirty due to cholera. She pledged her jewelry to educate her children in English medium school. She was the mother of the Ali brothers (Mohammad Ali & Shaukat Ali), leading leaders of the Khilafat Movement and freedom struggle. She was an active member of the Khilafat Committee. She addressed a meeting at Lahore and analyzed the follies of Indians committed by supporting English rule over the mother country and causing its slavery. She joined a demonstration for the Abadi Bano Begum (popularly known as Bi Amma) and was the first Muslim woman to actively take part in the freedom struggle for independence. She hailed from the Amroha Village, Uttar Pradesh but her center for activities was Amritsar and Lahore. She was born in 1850 and married Abdul Ali Khan of Rampur state. Her husband died at the young age of thirty due to cholera. She pledged her jewelry to educate her children in English medium school. She was the mother of the Ali brothers (Mohammad Ali & Shaukat Ali), leading leaders of the Khilafat Movement and freedom struggle. She was an active member of the Khilafat Committee. She addressed a meeting at Lahore and analyzed the follies of Indians committed by supporting English rule over the mother country and causing its slavery. She joined a demonstration for the release of Annie Besant and her two sons- Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ail who were in prison for their anti-British activities. She advocated the use of Khadi (Indian homespun cotton) and Hindu-Muslim unity. She toured Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Kasur, and many places in the country and appealed to women to use Khadi. In her address in Punjab, she urged the people to work collectively for the attainment of the Swaraj (Self-government) and leave this Swaraj for the upcoming generations instead of property and wealth. She addressed a ladies' conference in Bombay and insisted they join the freedom struggle. During the Non-Cooperation movement, she toured Patna and Bhagalpur and collected sixty thousand rupees from Darbhanga, Bihar for Khilafat Committee in February, 1922. She kept on working for the freedom of the country till her death in 1924. To commemorate her contribution towards the freedom struggle, the Pakistan government issued a postal stamp in 1990. A girls’ hostel named after her as Bi Amma Girls Hostel at Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi on September 28, 2012.

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